In contrast, flowering initiation was delayed when GATA25 fused to an SRDX repression motif was overexpressed from the 2Χ CaMV 35S promoter. We observed that flowering initiation was accelerated when the GATA25 gene was overexpressed from the 2Χ CaMV 35S promoter. Therefore, we expected that the GATA25 transcription factor, including the CCT domain, would act as a regulator of flowering time. The transcription factors containing the CCT domain are known to regulate flowering time and circadian rhythm. GATA25 is a member of subfamily III containing the C-X 2-C-Χ 20-C-Χ 2-C conserved cysteine residues of the zinc-finger domain and a CONSTANS, CO-like, and TOC1 (CCT) domain. Here, we studied the Arabidopsis gene GATA25, also known as ZIM. The GI-FKF1 complex promotes the degradation of CYCLING DOF FACTOR 1 (CDF1). The GI transcription factor regulates CO transcription through binding FLAVIN BINDING KELCH REPEAT F-BOX 1 (FKF1). Therefore, it can be inferred that it is an essential component for floral induction. The SOC1 gene, a type of floral integrator, is generated in the meristem during floral transition and is regulated by the phytohormone GA. The FT-FD complex activates the expression of a SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS 1 ( SOC1). The FT protein, induced through the sequential activation of CO, interacts with FD to form the FT-FD complex. Also, The CO transcription factor is expressed in phloem companion cells and positively regulates FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) expression under LDs photoperiods only. The CO transcription factor, which enables sensing of long days (LDs), is known to be regulated by physical interact with FLOWERING HTH1 (FHTH1). The photoperiodic pathway involved in the exogenous signals regulates key components GIGANTEA (GI) and CONSTANS (CO). Therefore, the study of the photoperiodic pathway regulation mechanism for exogenous signals is the key to studying plant flowering patterns. Especially for exogenous signals, it regulates the flowering pathway in a complex and sophisticated manner through circadian regulation of post-transcriptional regulation of protein stability and gene transcription by photoperiod. These distinct signals together converge to control activation of flowering initiation. The intrinsic signals associated with flowering include gibberellic acid (GA), autonomous signals, and aging signals whereas the exogenous signals are light intensity and day length (photoperiod). Typically, the control of flowering time can be attributed to both intrinsic and exogenous signals for flowering. As a result, regulatory proteins and genetic pathways involved in the regulation of flowering time have been identified. Molecular genetic analysis of flowering regulation in Arabidopsis thaliana to elucidate the flowering timing regulation mechanism confirms that flowering is regulated by various distinct pathways. Controlling the flowering patterns of plants can be a solution that maximizes crop yields in a limited space to overcome rapid environmental changes and reductions in crop yields caused by global warming. Terrestrial plants have adapted their flowering and growth to environmental changes over evolutionary time, and as a result, precisely regulate flowering patterns in different growing environments. Together, these results suggest that GATA25 might act to accelerate flowering time. We also demonstrated that GATA25 induced the expression of floral integrator genes and photoperiodic pathway-related genes. In contrast, GATA25 fused to SRDX (SUPERMAN repressive domain X)-motif plants showed delayed flowering. Flowering was accelerated by overexpression of GATA25 throughout the Arabidopsis thaliana. GATA25 encodes C-X 2-C-X 20-C-X 2-C conserved cysteine residues of the zinc-finger domain and CCT domain which process photoperiodic flowering and regulate circadian rhythms. In this study, we found that GATA25 is a novel transcription factor that accelerates flowering time under long days. Specifically, crucial components of the photoperiodic pathway and floral integrators play a critically significant role in flowering. Genetic pathways related to the regulation of flowering time are well-known from research into the molecular genetics of Arabidopsis thaliana. The signals converge through different pathways, and their coordinated action leads to the onset of flowering. Both signals influence flowering time, which is an integral part of plant reproduction. Intrinsic and exogenous signals in conjunction precisely regulate the initiation of flowering.

Srdx transcription